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I just did my rear hub for the first time in my long life of biking. It is hugely satisfying once you get it right.
I got my bearings at Kozy, but only because both Irv's and Blue City were out of 1/4 inch size. Kozy only had Grade 300 bearings. The lower the number, the better the bearing. The interweb conventional wisdom suggests getting the best bearings you can - that is, get grade 25 if you can. As for a hardware store... I dunno - they might have them.
I used some Lithium grease I had laying around from working on my motorcycle. It seemed to work fine. My more bicycle-centric wrenching friends use something in a green tube. I'm sorry I forget what it is called.
+1 on all the stuff about the bearings. Also, make sure you have the correct bearing size for your hub shell and cones or things won't work quite right. Just have the shop measure the old bearings and get direct replacements.
About the process, it helps to remove the freewheel before you try to take the axle apart. Also, you'll need cone wrenches (for bearing adjustment) if you don't have them already. The easiest way to remove the axle is to remove the cone/locknut on just one side, leaving the other one where it is. That way when you go to put it back together everything's where it should be. And take note of which side of the axle goes where (don't reverse the axle when you put it back in or the spacing will be off) and also note what order the cone/washer/locknut assembly goes, as some hubs have a certain way they're assembled that can throw off the spacing if done incorrectly. Also, I find it easiest to remove all the bearings from the hub, clean thoroughly, and put about a 1/4" bead of grease in the hub shell where the bearings should be. That way when you're ready to install the bearings, you just press them into the grease and the grease holds them in place until you're ready to install the axle (unless you bump the wheel sharply).
This grease works really well, we used it at the shop I worked at. Specifically designed for bicycles and you can use it pretty much anywhere. Hub bearings, headsets, bottom brackets, quill stems, seatposts, water bottle bolts, etc.
My more bicycle-centric wrenching friends use something in a green tube. I'm sorry I forget what it is called.
West Town Bikes has the grease, bearings, tools and know how for you to learn and get the job done right. You'll learn about the "click", the "crunch" and how to anticipate the cone tightening when going to lock down the locknut. There's more than one way to skin a cat (and you can read all about it on the interwebs), but little can compare to getting the "hands on" to learn something mechanical.
See you tonight at WTB!
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